D.
Type 3 conditional sentence is about the past. It not only uses past tenses, it also talks about the past - past conditions, past results. We imagine how the past could have been different.
Imagine, for example, that you got really drunk last night, so this morning you overslept and were late for work. As a result you missed an important meeting and got fired. Now you are having a drink with friends after dinner again (the same thing that got you into this mess but who cares!) and you tell your friends:
If I hadn't got really drunk, I wouldn't have overslept.
If I hadn't overslept, I wouldn't have been late for work.
I wouldn't have missed that meeting if I hadn't been late.
And if I hadn't missed the meeting, I might not have been fired.
All of this is strictly hypothetical of course, all of these things DID actually happen to you. And now let's knock on wood, and try to make sure they do not really.
The form: if + past perfect, and would + have + past participle in the other clause.
E.
I know you will hate me for bringing this up but what happens id we decide to mix things a little bit?
Let's look at the drunk example above. OK, you got drunk last night, and you got fired this morning. But now you are sitting with friends complaining about it.
If I hadn't got really drunk last night, I wouldn't sit here now and complain about getting fired.
Which conditional does it remind you of? Type 2 or type 3? Or both?
The thing is, what matters is, WHEN. When did the getting drunk take place? Last night? OK, we use Type 3. When does the sitting take place? Now? Well, that is Type 2. Here is another one of those:
If she hadn't gone to that party, she would still be single.
What does that tell us? She met her husband at that party. Did she go (in the past)? Yes. Is she single (now)? No.
And of course, we can combine types 2 and 3 differently. Think about the following situation:
In the past men in Bulgaria had to do compulsory military service. They get together and one says that women were privileged because they didn't have to. So he says:
If I were a woman, I wouldn't have had to do military service.
You see, he wouldn't say "if I had been a woman" because he is not a woman now either. He is still a man (which would be the situation in most cases really...) so he is talking about an unreal present conditional (type 2) and thinking about the past and how things could have been different (type 3).
To go back to my chocolate example, here are two mixed ones:
If I didn't like chocolate so much, I would have left you some. But then, if I hadn't eaten all the chocolate, you would be tempted to eat it all now. And we both know you need to watch your weight. So it's a good thing I did, eh?
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